TEHRAN – Tehran – Tehran’s residence, which shows the early human presence of the Zagros region in the city of Avan, a Western Ilam province, is said to be a Tehran residence, said Habiboramahmoudian, a faculty member at Islamic Azad University in Ilam.
He told Eina that the geographical area of Evan is a settlement of cave residents.
Archaeological studies of the area found evidence of early human and associated objects in various caves, including Khofash Cave, Barreh Zard Cave, and Baskeleh-Ye Garmeh Cave.
Zagros, Iran’s most vast mountain range, has many caves and shelters, some of which have historical significance, others in terms of scientific nature.
In particular, the caves in Eiban, on the slopes of Shivan mountains in Shivan, Kabirk and Cheher Sotoon, mark a preliminary stage of human settlement.
He explained that the village of Basquere is one of the ancient regions located 18 kilometers north of Eban. It is on the main route to Karmanshire, he said, adding that there are many caves that are very important in terms of archaeological research.
Baskeleh-Ye Garmeh I Cave is located on the south slope of Mt. Disge, northwest of the village of Baskeleh. The cave walls and ceiling are made of natural stones.
He said ceramics are seen in the area, but added that based on available findings they may belong to the Calcolitic Period (copper).
Baskeleh-Ye Garmeh II is located 2 km away from Baskeleh village. The existence of a cultural symbol at this location increases the likelihood it belongs to a historical period.
Baskeleh-Ye Garmeh III is 220 meters high, 3 km from the village of Baskeleh. The area has scattered pottery.
Baskeleh-Ye Garmeh IV is located 3.5 km from Baskeleh on the slopes of Gavmehr Mountain. This cave is like a rock shelter.
The ceramics here include simple, handmade ceramics made with plant-based chamottes. The presence of obsidian blades in this area also indicates its use in the Calcolithic era.
He noted that studying these sites faces many challenges. The extensive diversity of the site, difficult access to several caves and lack of documentaries are major obstacles towards the precise identification of human cultural and civilised developments in the area, he said.
However, he concluded that these findings could open up grounds for further research into the social, cultural and environmental development of Aven’s cave residents.
Ilam is located at the foot of the Zagros Mountains in the western region of Iran. Unlike the north and northwest portions of this mountainous region, the west and southwest are flat. Geographical conditions are advantageous for summer and winter relocation, making it a good place for nomadic living.
Common handicrafts in this state include carpets, rugs, drugs, felt and coarse blanket weave. The majority of the people in ILAM are Kurdish, Lacus, luRS, and they speak in Laki, Kurdish, Luri. Based on archaeological excavations of the ancient region of Ali Kosh, the state’s civilization dates back to the new Stone Age, around 8000 BC.
The land called ILAM was now part of the ancient Eramite civilization, founded around 3000 BC and destroyed by Assyrian King Ashrbanipal in 640 BC.
Elam is an ancient Iranian civilization located in the far west and southwest of today’s Iran, spreading from the lowlands of today’s Iran and Iram provinces, as well as small parts of southern Iraq.
KD