Tehran – The presence of lichens in Iran’s historic stone carvings and ancient structures is due only to climatic conditions and moisture, not industrial pollution, which has been confirmed by prominent cultural heritage experts. Masu.
Zohreh Bozorgmehr is a prominent figure in cultural heritage and is a member of several cultural heritage committees in Iran’s historic cities, and is a place in Bas relief Carvings and Stone structures such as Persepolis, Tang-e Chogan, and Bishapur Palace. He emphasized that clothing is the result. Not pollutants like petrochemical emissions, but environmental factors.
In an interview with ISNA, Bozorgmehr said: There is no relationship between this phenomenon and industrial pollution. ”
She acknowledged that although it can prevent the formation of lichen, a specific method of storage is required. “Normally, resins (special types) are applied to protect the monument after the lichen has been removed. However, economic constraints can damage the quality of the resin used, and Deterioration can lead to the final regeneration of lichens in the same area.”
Bozorgmehr noted that the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism in Iran is calling for efforts to maintain the monument from lichen-related damages. However, budget restrictions can hinder long-term maintenance and allow lichens to return after the resin deteriorates over time.
As a respected evaluator of historic restoration efforts, Bozorgmaar reaffirmed this as the most important lichen growth in Fars state, due to specific environmental conditions in the region.
Addressing the geographical spread of this issue, the former director of the Department of Cultural Heritage’s Department of Technology Conservation and Restoration explained that lichen growth is more common in temperate and humid regions, particularly in Fars.
“Lichches thrive in wet environments. They can be found in various regions, but their presence is particularly high in the distance due to their moderate climate. Others such as Hamadan The region may also experience lichen growth, but not so much.”
The presence of lichens in ancient Iranian monuments remains a conservation challenge, but experts understand the natural causes behind growth are important in implementing effective conservation strategies. He emphasizes that.
Last year, the director of the Persepolis World Heritage site noted that research and field investigations to combat lichens are still underway in the stones of Persepolis. “Liches are one of the most detrimental factors for historic buildings, especially stone monuments. The operation of lichen cleaning at Persepolis is carried out in a workshop format by a team of conservation and restoration experts. , continues to this day,” added Alireza Askari-Chaverdi.
He said there are many different types of lichens, adding that clothing is formed by the close relationship between fungi and algae, according to biologists. In this symbiosis, algae produce organic material through photosynthesis consumed by fungi, while bacteria dissolve mineral material in stones through acid secretion consumed by algae. “Not all experts agree with this theory, but all experts, including cultural heritage experts and biologists, believe that lichen growth can damage the stone. ”
“Due to the diversity of lichens, no definitive and uniform treatment has been presented yet. Various countries have proposed different solutions for cleaning, and several appropriate methods have been used But there are also criticisms of those.”
In the past, experimental guardians used water and brushes to clean lichens. This is the easiest way, but it has many drawbacks, including the diffusion of lichens, the removal of lichen roots, and the appearance of new types of lichens.
morning