Gandman wetland, a permanent inland freshwater wetland located in the center of the Tehran -Zagros Mountains, is registered as an internationally important wetland in Iran.
The wetlands of Gandman, which extend to 1,070 hectares, are located in Borgen County, Chamahal Bufftiari. It is one of the top five bird watching sites in Iran, and is the most important habitual habitat in Japan for migratory birds.
This site is particularly noted with the diversity of plants, and has identified 129 species and 87 genuses of 32 departments. This is one of the most important habitats in Iran for Zagross Fish of the climate disease. The wetland is an important winter habitat for several bird seeds, such as the social rap wing that ENS in the extinction crisis and the vulnerable common Pochard.
Dry, climate change, fire, and pollution can threaten wetlands, but experts regularly monitor the site in accordance with Gandman’s wetland management plan. In addition, the local community plays a role in relieving such threats due to the importance of wetland livelihood and mental beliefs.
With the high value of this wetland and Gandoman City near the wetland, the city’s internationally important wetlands, including Gandman, have been certified in the wetland cities. Ministry of the Environment.
Gandman has also been awarded the Ramsar Wetlands, Babol in the northern Mazandalan, and Kia Shal in the northern part of Gyan.
The importance of wetlands
Wetlands are ecosystem, and water is a major factor in controlling the lives of plants and animals related to the environment. The wetlands have a wide range of definitions include freshwater, marine, and coastal, including all lakes, rivers, underground water layers, swamps, sweat grasslands, peat areas, oasis, delta, delta, manurelobe, and other coastal areas. It contains both ecosystems. And all human sites such as fish columns, Yoneda, reservoirs, salt and bread.
Considering the essential value of these ecosystems, considering their interests and services, including the environment, climate, ecology, society, economic, science, education, culture, recreation, and aesthetics. , Important for people. happiness.
In Iran, 141 wetlands with an ecological value of more than 3 million hectares are identified, of which 27 wetlands are designated as internationally important wetlands (registered in the Ramsar Convention).
According to MEHRI ASNA-ASHARI, an official of the Environment Bureau, the consumption of irrigation water has decreased by 27.5 % in Iranian wetlands, and agricultural products have increased by 22.5 %.
“Currently, the 49 wetlands, which cover about 22 % of the entire wetlands in Japan, are stored in the form of native ecosystem management partnerships,” IRNA quoted that ASNA-ASHARI says.
Since 2021, the preservation project has been implemented in three wetlands, including Shadengan in Kzestan, Buff Tegan in F’Ag, and Urmia in West Azavai Jean.
A sustainable agricultural method was implemented, and 2,433 farmers were trained. By February 2024, the results showed that the average agricultural production increased by 22.5 %, while the consumption of irrigation water decreased by 27.5 %. In addition, the consumption of chemical fertilizers has decreased by 25-30 %. As a result, the income of each farmer increased 14 %.
The establishment of 26 non -governmental organizations (NGOs) and 181 livelihood support groups, and the implementation of alternative living plans in 44 villages is part of the other results of the project.
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