Tehran – Iranian archaeologists say that decorative motifs known as plastered Gardon-e-Mer (literary “Mitrawheel”) or fictional patterns, known as plastered Gardon-e-Mer (literary “Mitrawheel”) or fictional patterns, have influenced artistic and architectural designs around the world.
The motif that some scholars equate with the Greek solar wheel appears to be the gypsum relaxation of the reception hall at Bishapur, a site from the Sassanid period in southern Iran. It is located above the alcove on the northeast side of the hall, according to a report by Mehr News Agency.
Researchers say cyclical designs may represent a sun-based cycle of life, appearing in a variety of forms of historical architecture around the world. The emblem is compared to the border motifs of the Versace fashion brand and the ancient patterns found in Iraq.
“Today, Gardon e Mer can be clearly identified by Bishapur’s or set up,” Mohammad Khalil Mahmoudi, director of Bishapur Heritage Base, told Mehr. “This motif has also been documented in Iraq.”
Designs, also known as cross motifs, are identified in multiple cultures and eras. Some historians say it resembles the insignia used later in the Nazi SS flag, but its origins predate the modern association.
Vishapur (literally, the “city of Shapur”) was once a metropolitan city of Sassanid King Shapur, whose troops defeated the Romans three times. According to the story, many of the Vishapur were built by Roman soldiers who were taken prisoner after the Emperor Valerian was defeated in c. 260 CE. The city remained an important city until the Arab invasion of Persia and the rise of Islam in the second quarter of the 7th century. It became the center of Islamic learning (the madrasas were unearthed), and although there were people still living in the 10th century, it began to decline in the 7th century.
Bishapur has been excavated several times so far. The palace of Shapur and the temple dedicated to the goddess of Anahita were the highlights of the dig.
The main monuments were excavated between 1935 and 1941. Despite this, most of the city was still buried, and by chance the team of archaeologists later returned to the site.
In 2018, UNESCO was entitled “Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of the Fars Region” (titles the Ensemble of the Historic City of Sassanid in southern Iran (“Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of the Fars Region”) and added to the World Heritage List. The ensemble consists of eight archaeological sites located in three geographical parts of Firuzabad, Bishapur and Sarvestan. It reflects the natural topography and optimized use of witnessing the influence of Achemenid and Parthian cultural traditions and Roman art, which later had a major impact on architecture and artistic style in the Islamic era.
The Sassanid Empire, which ruled Persia from 224 to 651, is known for its art and architecture with major sites such as Bishapur, Nakshuerostam and Nakshuerajab in Faz Province.
Under Sassanid, Persian art and architecture experienced a general Renaissance. The architecture often took on spectacular proportions, including the palaces of Ctesiphon, Firuzabad and Sarvestan.
Although crafts such as metalwork and jewel sculptures were very refined, scholarships were encouraged by the state. In that year, both East and West works were translated into Pahlavi, a Sassanian language.
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