In 2025, Iran and Russia signed a groundbreaking strategic and comprehensive agreement, an agreement that emphasizes deepening cooperation across the economic, political and security sectors. With 47 articles, the contract is designed to strengthen partnerships amid increasing Western sanctions, strengthening regional stability and expanding strategic projects such as the North-South Transport Corridor. It also shows geopolitical changes, particularly as the world responds to Donald Trump’s return to US presidency and the revival of his “maximum pressure” policy on Iran.
To investigate the implications of this contract for Iran-Russia ties, global power dynamics and stability in Western Asia, Rana Rawandi Faday, senior researcher and director of the Oriental Cultural Center at the Institute of Oriental Studies at the Russian Academy of Russia I have contacted. of science.
It sends out in times of global tensions whether the agreement can protect both countries from sanctions, how it will reconstruct Iran’s stance towards the West, and what message it will send. We will discuss whether it is possible.
1. What are the most important aspects of the 2025 Iran-Russia agreement?
The 2025 Russia-Iran Agreement includes 47 articles dedicated to cooperation in protecting the territorial integrity, terrorism and extremism, economics and regional security in countries. These are the main issues. The agreement provides a legal basis for the initiation and realization of numerous projects in all areas of trade and economic cooperation. One of the most important objectives is to increase the efficiency of the international transport corridors between the north and south. The two countries also agree to work with arms control, disarmament and international security, promoting media cooperation to counter disinformation and propaganda. President Vladimir Putin called the talks with Pezeshkian “substantial and practical” and also looked at the comprehensive strategic partnership agreement. As he stated, it sets ambitious goals and outlines guidelines for deepening long-term cooperation in the fields of politics, security, trade, investment and humanitarianism. It is a groundbreaking document that sets the conditions necessary for stable and sustainable development for Iran and Russia, and is also our shared Eurasian region as a whole.
2. Will it help to mitigate the impact of sanctions on Iran and Russia?
For this very reason, the contract was signed in many ways. It is to fight the harsh Western sanctions imposed on both countries. It includes clauses relating to economic and energy cooperation that will help mitigate the impact of sanctions on the economy of Russia and Iran. According to Iranian ambassador to Moscow, Kazem Jalali, the countries are preparing to launch secure communications networks for rapid financial transactions. “I can call 2025 a year to resolve financial issues in relations between Russia and Iran,” the head of the diplomatic mission emphasized. The Russian Federation and Iran have almost completely switched to the use of domestic currency in account settlements, striving to build a stable channel for credit-bank interactions, and are also working on linking national payment systems. In 2024, the percentage of Russian rubles and Iranian rial transactions exceeded 95% of all bilateral trade transactions. Furthermore, the agreement states that the Russian Federation and Iran will support each other in the event of natural or artificial disasters and refrain from participating in sanctions imposed on either party by third parties.
3. Could the agreement be interpreted as an important signal from Russia and Iran to the West, especially as Trump took office? If yes, what field is it more than anything (politics, economics, defense)?
Yes, the agreement means that Russia is ready to support Iran despite Trump’s “major pressure” policy he likes against the Islamic Republic – not just the economic sector, but the military technology sector (However) it is a country between Russia and China). As Pezeshkian said on television, signing a comprehensive strategic partnership agreement was a signal to the outside world. “Moscow and Tehran do not agree that someone from outside should determine the role of our country,” the chief executive emphasized. “We can pursue independent policies and together we are ready to develop local security and economic welfare and maintain peace and stability in our region. The West is not needed. As Pezeshkian emphasized, the treaty shows that both countries “officially proclaim this approach.”
4. How did Trump’s words and wasted negotiations in 2014 affect the agreement and Iran’s current stance?
Iran is not considered worthy of new negotiations with his administration given Trump’s statement on his support for a strike against Iran’s nuclear facility. This is why the agreement underscores Iran’s eastward orientation and its desire to seek cooperation with strong players across the West (Russia and China) to slow down Western pressure. The resignation of the Biden administration (negotiation with the resignation of the Biden administration from 2021 to 2022 could be negotiated, and if the terms were allowed, they could resume with the US. Trump’s belligerent statement In response, President Pezeshkian said Iran’s nuclear program is peaceful as the mass murder of innocent people cannot be stopped by airstrikes because it is unacceptable to Iran’s military doctrine.
5. In conclusion, explain the possible impact of the agreement on relations between Iran, Russia and West Asia.
Another clause in the agreement (Article 12) will help Moscow and Tehran contribute to the “integration of peace and security in the Caspian region, Central Asia, Transcacasia and Western Asia,” and “prevent interference with these regions. We will cooperate in ensuring that we are doing this.” It unstable the unstable existence of a third state there. “It is intended that Russia and Iran develop joint measures to prevent the spread of harmful Western influences in areas that are essential to them and cooperate in solving the general problems in Western Asia. It means that it is. As is well known, Russia and Iran have particularly negative attitudes towards the spread of NATO. Regarding the issue of security in the Caspian Sea, Russia expects Iran to ratify the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea. Additionally, in July 2024, the Russian Federation and Iran conducted joint exercises in the Caspian Sea for rescue and security operations at Iranian initiative. Exercise participants practiced firefighting skills and rescue operations, including transporting victims by helicopters, eliminating air and ocean targets. Another consequence of relations with West Asia is that the agreement will cool Israeli enthusiasm and prevent the use of Syrian territory, particularly against the interests of Russia and Iran.
MNA